Monday, May 25, 2020

The Uniform Crime Report And The National Incident Based...

orting System fall under the Uniform Crime Reporting Program that provides information on crime all of the United States. This includes regions, states, counties, cities, towns, tribal law enforcement, colleges and universities. In this paper we will compare and contrast the two primary crime data sources used within the United States, the Uniform Crime Report and the National Incident-Based Reporting System. Before we do this, we will discuss each source individually and how it is used in Criminological research. The purpose of this study is to determine which source is lacking in function and which provides the best accurate information. In 1927, the Committee on Uniform Crime Records was formed under the direction of the International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP) to create a system for gathering uniform police statistics. The committee first determined how to measure the criminality within the United States. After this was determined, members assessed several crimes and identified seven crimes that would be reportable to the Uniform Crime Reports Program. The Uniform Crime Report is now a nationwide assessment of reported crimes from various law enforcement agencies. Its main purpose is to provide statistical information on crime that can be analyzed for later use in multiple arenas that includes law enforcement administration, operation, and management. It is also used by policy makers, politicians, administrators and the press. Beginning in 1930, now underShow MoreRelatedThe Uniform Crime Reports The National Incident Based Reporting System978 Words   |  4 PagesThe Uniform Crime Reports verses The Na tional Incident Based Reporting System The purpose of this abstract is to critically review the primary data sources used in the criminological research. The two key factors that measures crime are distinguished: official crime statistics, which are based on the compile data records of offenders and offenses processed by the police, courts, and corrections agencies; and unofficial crime statistics, which are produced by people and agencies outside the criminalRead MoreMeasuring Crime Essay914 Words   |  4 Pages Measuring Crime Crime measurement and statistics for police departments are very important when it comes to money allotment, staffing needs or termination and it is also used to determine the effectiveness of new laws and programs. There are three tools used to measure major crime in the United States: Uniform Crime Reports, National Crime Victimization Survey and the National Incident Based Reporting System- which is currently being tested to replace the Uniform Crime Reports. Although thereRead MoreThe Flawed System Of The Uniform Crime Reporting Program882 Words   |  4 PagesThe two flawed systems that are in use for collecting crime statistics in the United States are, Uniform Crime Reporting Program (UCR), and the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS). These programs were developed by the Federal Bureau of Investigations to collect crime data from around the United States. Both systems are outdated and need to be updated. Although these programs may be flawed, they are still use d to collect very important data that is collected to write new policies thatRead MoreMeasuring Crime1070 Words   |  5 PagesMeasuring Crime in the United States Kyra Pettit CJA/204 August 5, 2013 Dr. Wafeeq Sabir Measuring Crime in the United States In the following paper, these criminal justice students will address the three major points of crime measurement in the United States. Even though there may be changes of crime statistics, but not changes in the crime rate; that is because crime can be measured in numerous ways. Two measuring systems being the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) and Uniform CrimeRead MoreThe Sources Of Criminal Statistics872 Words   |  4 PagesThe Sources of Criminal Statistics The two flawed systems that are in use for collecting crime statistics in the United States are, Uniform Crime Reporting Program (UCR), and the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS). These programs were developed by the Federal Bureau of Investigations to collect crime data from around the United States. Both systems are outdated and need to be updated. Although these programs may be flawed, they are still used to collect very important data that areRead Morepredicting crime with the unifrom crime reporting system Essay1427 Words   |  6 PagesPREDICTING CRIME WITH THE UNIFORM CRIME REPORTING SYSTEM Predicting Crime With the Uniform Crime Reporting System Mitchell Adair Introduction to Criminal Justice: CJA 105-AUO A01 Argosy University 1 The Uniform Crime Reporting System is a statistical effort that is said to be cooperative of more than ten thousand state, city, and county law enforcement agencies on a basis that is considered Read MoreEssay on The Three Major Crime Reporting Systems633 Words   |  3 PagesUniform Crime reports, National Incident Based Reporting System and the National Crime Reporting Survey are all major crime reporting systems here in the U.S. Each crime reporting system has its own advantage and disadvantage towards the criminals and victims as well as the law enforcement involved. Each has a unique history on how it started and when, how it became as popular of a system as it is now and will it keep growing or will it one day start to fade into the background while other reportingRead MoreCrime Data Sources in the United States3348 Words   |  14 PagesCrime Data Sources in the United States: The collection of crime data in the United States is carried out through different approaches including Uniform Crime Reports and the National Incident-Based Reporting System, which also act as the two primary sources of crime data for crime reporting. The data obtained from these sources are used for research and documentation of crime status at the county, state, and national levels. Notably, the National Incident-Based Reporting System emerged as anRead MoreInvestigation Of The Criminal Justice Field1261 Words   |  6 Pagesand where crimes are happening and try to provide a solution to stopping them. However, people bring into question the accuracy and usefulness of crime statistics as they merely reflect the views of the policy makers. Two sources that collect and publish crime data and statistics are the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) program, and the National Crime Victim Survey (NCVS). The Uniform Crime Reporting program was created in 1930 when Congress saw the need to begin collecting statistics on crime in theRead MoreNational Incident Based Reporting System1392 Words   |  6 Pages National Incident-Based Reporting System The National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) stemmed from a mid-1980s report, is an incident-based reporting system (some states use a customized version) that is used by law enforcement agencies in the United States for the collecting and reporting of data on crimes that are known by police. NIBRS is the result of law enforcement thoroughly evaluating and modernizing the UCR (Uniform Crime Reports). The UCR, produced by the FBI, was initially

Thursday, May 14, 2020

Improve Your Memory With the Loci Method

There are many theories and ideas about improving memory, including some that have been around since ancient times.   Ancient accounts show that early Greek and Roman orators used the loci method of remembering long speeches and lists. You may be able to use this method to enhance your memory at test time. The term loci refers to places or locations. To use the loci system, you will first need to think of a place or route that you can picture in your head very clearly. It can be your house, your school bus route, or any place that contains clear landmarks or rooms. For this example, we will use the thirteen original colonies as a list that we want to remember and your house as the method for remembering. The List of Colonies Includes: North CarolinaSouth CarolinaMarylandVirginiaDelawareNew HampshireNew JerseyPennsylvaniaMassachusettsConnecticutNew YorkRhode IslandGeorgia Now, picture yourself standing outside your house and begin to make connections with words on your memory list. In this case, you could make a mental note that the front of your house faces north and the back faces south. We have our beginning! North North CarolinaSouth South Carolina Your Tour Continues Imagine that you enter your house and see the coat closet. Open the closet door and note the smell. (It helps to invoke all the senses you can in this method). There you see the coat that Aunt Mary gave your mother (Maryland). The next room in this imaginary house tour is the kitchen. In this tour, you are suddenly hungry, so you go to the cupboard. All you can find is some virgin olive oil (Virginia). That wont do. You turn to the refrigerator and look inside. You know your mom just bought some new ham (New Hampshire) from the deli—but where is it? (Delaware). You manage to locate the items and assemble a sandwich. You carry it to your bedroom because you want to change into your new football jersey (New Jersey). You open the closet door and a pen falls on your head from the top shelf (Pennsylvania). Whats that doing there? you think. You turn to put the pen in your desk drawer. When you open the drawer, you see a giant mass of paper clips (Massachusetts). You grab a handful, sit down on your bed, and begin to connect them together to form a long chain (Connecticut). You realize youre still hungry. You decide you are ready for some dessert. You go back to the kitchen and look in the refrigerator again. You know youll find some leftover New York cheesecake from yesterday (New York). Its gone! Your little brother must have finished it off! (Note the shock and anger.) You turn to the freezer. There are two types of ice cream. Rocky Road (Rhode Island) or Georgia Peach (Georgia). You eat both. Now look over the list of states again, and think about the place association for each one. It wont be long before you can recite the list of states easily. This method can be used for remembering a list of objects or a list of events. All you need is keywords and associations for them. It may help you to come up with funny things that occur along your path. Emotion and sensory experiences will reinforce the information and enhance the exercise.

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The Causes of the American Revolution Essay - 2359 Words

The American Revolution began for many reasons, some are; long-term social, economic, and political changes in the British colonies, prior to 1750 provided the basis for and started a course to America becoming an independent nation under its own control with its own government. Not a tyrant king thousands of miles away. A huge factor in the start of the revolution was the French and Indian War during the years of 1754 through 1763; this changed the age-old bond between the colonies and Britain, its mother. To top it off, a decade of conflicts between the British rule and the colonists, starting with the Stamp Act in 1765 that eventually led to the eruption of war in 1775, along with the drafting of The Declaration of Independence in†¦show more content†¦During the peace talks, Britain gained French holdings in Canada and Florida from France?s ally, Spain. Nevertheless, Britain amassed a large debt over the course of the war. To help pay off the debt, Britain came up with th e idea to use the American colonies to generate lost money. The French and Indian War changed the connection between Great Britain and the colonies. Before the war, Great Britain had become very wealthy from the colonies, after passing such acts as the Molasses Act in 1733, which imposed a tax on molasses. Molasses was used for a variety of things including making rum and was very important to the colonies economics. During the early period, the colonists had developed a nearly independent political and economic system. Because Britain had amassed large war debts; the British Parliament passed the Stamp Act in 1765. The act was intended to generate money from the colonies that would help pay for the cost to keep up a stable force of British troops in the American colonies. All authorized documents, including deeds, mortgages, newspapers, had to have a British government stamp, in order to be considered legal. Members of the Sons of Liberty, a patriotic secret group, were mostly active in opposing the stamp tax. They led a course of physical violence in which many official stamp agents were attacked by mobs and their possessions and propertyShow MoreRelatedThe Revolution : The Cause Of The American Revolution1898 Words   |  8 Pages The American Revolution was the turning point for the colonies that made up the United States today. It was the war that freed the colonists from British control. But what actually caused the American Revolution? Well, there’s no simple answer to that question. In fact, most of the causes acted as if they were dominoes. These events can be categorized in four periods of time or setting. These groups are, Salutary neglect, Mercantilism, Boston, and Unity of protests. Salutary neglect was the ideaRead MoreCauses Of The American Revolution1202 Words   |  5 PagesThroughout history many revolutions took place, ranging from the unremarkable to a truly m emorable, as the French revolution, the American Revolution, and the Bolshevik Revolution, but American revolution took place in 1775-1783. The revolution was different from other revolution because of growing tensions between residents of Great Britain’s 13 North American colonies and the colonial government because American revolution was not like the others. This revolution was not like the others becauseRead MoreCauses Of The American Revolution738 Words   |  3 Pagesas the American Revolution, or the Revolutionary War. The American Revolution was a war between the colonists of America and Great Britain and they were fighting over the independence of America from Britain. This war lasted until 1781, when the British surrendered to the Americans, As a result, America is a fully independent country and it has stayed that way since that day. There were many causes of the war, The Stamp Act, the Boston Tea Party, and Lexington and Concord. The first cause of theRead MoreCauses Of The American Revolution880 Words   |  4 Pages The American Revolution is the most important time in all of American history. This brought the birth of a new country and the treasured constitution. In the beginning, colonists were proud to be British. In the years to come, there were small occurrences that bothered the colonists and led to the Revolution. Other countries contributed to the start of a crueller British control. The French and Indian War caused King George III to introduce expensive taxes (Pavao). These taxes came about becauseRead MoreCauses Of The American Revolution1335 Words   |  6 Pageswere multiple causes for the American Revolution, but the most important was the violation and deprivation of rights from the American People. The American people were faced with multiple acts and taxes that violated and took away their rights. Americans were continuously being taxed after the French and Indian War by acts like the sugar act, the stamp act, the Townshend acts,the tea act, and many more(Hedtke, et al., The Ame rican Saga). Despite all the taxes being placed on the Americans and the thingsRead MoreCauses Of The American Revolution886 Words   |  4 PagesThe American Revolution began on April 19, 1775. It was the war between Great Britain and its colonies located in the New World. The colonists, as many historians put it, were like children rebelling against the motherland; however, they had many valid reasons for this revolt, including their desire for freedom and independence. My World History textbook says freedom was falsely promised when the colonists had settled (Krull 868). The more direct causes of this widely known rebellion include taxesRead MoreCauses of the American Revolution953 Words   |  4 PagesEmily Thou Mr. G./ Period 1 September 14, 2012 Causes of the American Revolution The American Revolution began in 1755 as an open conflict between the thirteen colonies and Great Britain. The Treaty of Paris had ended that war in 1783, giving the colonies their own independence. There are many factors contributing to the start of the Revolution, but the war began as the way The Great Britain treated the colonies versus the way the colonies felt they should be treated. For example, the FrenchRead MoreCauses Of The American Revolution1344 Words   |  6 PagesAmerican Revolution The causes of the American Revolution go back to the beginning of salutary neglect and the French and Indian War, as well as changes in the thinking of society. The effects of these events and other factors led to pressure within the colonies, ultimately resulting in rebellion. There were five factors to the nature of the American Revolution: The Environment, The Enlightenment, Self-Government, Economic Independence and Colonial Unity. The first factor that led to the AmericanRead MoreCauses Of The American Revolution813 Words   |  4 PagesCauses Before the American Revolution, any imports from England from us had to come in ships owned by the British. Also, we could only sell tobacco and sugar to England. The British took French territory in Canada, east of the Mississippi River, and Spanish Florida which led to the American Revolution. Due to the war, Britain went in debt so, the British government placed taxes on goods so they could make more money. But that’s not all that led to the American Revolution, both the us and the FrenchRead MoreCauses Of The American Revolution1644 Words   |  7 PagesThe American revolution was a period in time when tensions began to rise between the people of Great Britain s 13 North American colonies and the colonial government. It took the colonists nearly a decade before they had had enough of the british. The British had tried to increase taxes. With the taxes increasing it caused the colonists to become very upset with the British. Causing them to meet the Britishes taxing by a heated protest about wanting the same rights as other British citizens. It

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Busines Comparative Issues in International Management

Question: Discuss about the Busines Comparative Issues in International Management. Answer: Introducton: International management is centered on the need for businesses and countries to thrive. To achieve this goal, many countries and businesses have come up with better ways to increase income and reduce cost (Ghemawat, 2017). The need to achieve the competitive advantage and remain productive in the global markets has resulted in new dimensions in international management. International management has been changing over time with respect to globalization. There is continued supraterritorality, modernization, and liberalization in an attempt to create connection between countries in various fronts (Li et al., 2017). It is important to note that countries and business entities strive to lower production costs and increase profit margins. Currently, there is offshore business operations that are deemed to lower costs and an attractive proposition (Ghemawat, 2017). It is also vital to note that offshoring presents several risks that management should deal with and leverage the opportunities in such operations. Today, many multinational companies purpose to hire global managers who are capable of operating across national lines. It is strongly believed that global managers ensure that a company gains smooth entry into a host country. Ideally, working in a foreign culture presents several challenges to managers. Additionally, the laws and regulations in a foreign country is a point of concern to the host nation. Furthermore, evidence has shown that offshore operations exacerbates existing management concerns. These concerns may include quality control and security issues (Reeves, Harnoss, 2017). Many organizations are carrying out outsourcing in an attempt to reduce the costs concerned with infrastructure, selection of employees, training and reducing the hiring of employees. Moreover, development of an effective repatriation strategy for multinational companies is viewed as an imperative tool that can be used to maximize human resource management (Yeniyurt Carnovale, 2017). Repatriates are a vital area of human resource management that has been used in spurring economic growth and development. Management teams are working hard towards the realization of sustainable innovation. There is reorganization is key to performance improvement and development synergy. Emphasis on quality is used to pull workforce together (Knight, R. (2017). However, globalization presents several drawbacks. Although there is proliferation of technological methods in communication such as, encrypted e-mails and satellite videoconferencing there are several management challenges (Yeniyurt Carnovale, 2017). It is imperative to point out that cultural differences that include basic shared assumptions, norms, values and beliefs affect management at the global level. Cultural differences often lead to culture shock among expatriates. International management requires the ability to think and act both locally and globally (Knight, R. (2017). It is generally believed that global mindset is a common characteristic of a good global manager. In this respect, global managers are expected to understand the conceptualization of complex geopolitical forces and their effect on international management. Generally, there is belief that the political environment in a nation is a critical factor in coming up with strategies and regulations. The political environment therefore, influences performance of industries and firms (Adler Graham, 2017). In addition, governance and politics play a crucial role in the management of firms and their possible outcomes. For instance, more than thirty years ago, China barred foreign investment. In essence, China had isolated herself from international trade and obligations that were being undertaken by other countries (Li et al., 2017). Later, the country opened its doors for foreign investments as a result of changes in government interventions and regulations. The regulatory and government intervention issues touch on policies that businesses are expected to adhere to (Gupta, 2017). Currently, there are stricter regulations and rules that are geared towards streamlining business operations. In some countries, a friendly business environment has bee n created that include tax reduction among others. Change in policies affects international management in view of decision making and it requires that managers to come up with means of countering such policies in the best way possible (Dominguez Mayrhofer, 2017). Additionally, many countries have come up with rules and regulations which impacts foreign firms such as expropriation, confiscation, and domestication. For instance, in Russia, the government threatened to confiscate assets owned by European companies and the United States. Several countries have attempted to domesticate foreign investments so as to prioritize production and local resources. Corruption poses a great challenge to international management (Adler Graham, 2017). The vice is endemic to various countries and affects different policies. There are instances where local politicians have to be bribed in order to return a favor (Knight, 2017). Corruption contributes to loss of resources, inefficiency, weakened development and rise in crime rate. Moreover, political instability has had tremendous impact on international management. In many countries, there have been civil wars, revolutions, and coups that have threatened businesses (Li et al., 2017). References Adler, N. J., Graham, J. L. (2017). Cross-cultural Interaction: The International Comparison Fallacy? In Language in International Business (pp. 33-58). Springer International Publishing. Dominguez, N., Mayrhofer, U. (2017). Internationalization stages of traditional SMEs: Increasing, decreasing and re-increasing commitment to foreign markets. International Business Review. Knight, R. (2017). We Dont Need Political Solutions for Global Trade We Need Practical Ones; hbr.org, Harvard business review. Retrieved 11 April 2017, from https://hbr.org/2017/03/we-dont-need-political-solutions-for-global-trade-we-need-practical-ones Li, L., Liu, X., Yuan, D., Yu, M. (2017). Does outward FDI generate higher productivity for emerging economy MNEs? Micro-level evidence from Chinese manufacturing firms. International Business Review. Ghemawat, P. (2017). Even in a Digital World, Globalization Is Not Inevitable. Harvard Business Review. Retrieved 11 April 2017, from https://hbr.org/2017/02/even-in-a-digital-world-globalization-is-not-inevitable Gupta, V. (2017). The Promise of Blockchain Is a World Without Middlemen. Harvard Business Review. Retrieved 11 April 2017, from https://hbr.org/2017/03/the-promise-of-blockchain-is-a-world-without-middlemen Reeves, M. Johann Harnoss, j (2017). An Agenda for the Future of Global Business. (2017). Harvard Business Review. Retrieved 11 April 2017, from https://hbr.org/2017/02/an-agenda-for-the-future-of-global-business Yeniyurt, S., Carnovale, S. (2017). Global supply network embeddedness and power: An analysis of international joint venture formations. International Business Review, 26(2), 203-213.